Cornell International Law JournalThe preeminent source for scholarship on foreign and international law

In the 1990s, the Bush Administration changed how industrialized countries process refugees. Instead of allowing refugees to enter their territories and afford them ostensible substantive and procedural asylum protections, industrialized countries began offshoring and externalizing their refugee processing to third-party countries. Today, families who sought refuge in Australia now sit indefinitely confined in Papua New Guinea and Nauru.

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